saltoalasideas

Passiflora incarnata is a fast growing climbing plant belonging to the genus Passiflora commonly known as passion flowers. Its main feature is the peculiar shape of their flowers .  It is a climbing vine downy The flowers are aromatic and large, 5cm in diameter,  reaching 6-9 meters long. It has tendrils that serve to climb. The aerial part of the plant is rich in many substances: flavonoids , phenols , essential oils , which is credited with its sedative action together. Used in cases of insomnia and attacks / anxiety attacks . Lowers blood pressure and heart rate

The fragrant olive , sweet olive or fragrant osmanthus ( Osmanthus fragrans is a species of native bush family Oleaceae asia. The flowers are white, cream, yellow or orange, with corolla of 5 mm in diameter with four petals 1 cm long and strong fragrance. The fruit is a drupe blackish purple color, 10 to 15 mm in diameter and contains a single seed hard shell; mature in the spring, It is cultivated as an ornamental plant, reminiscent of the fragrance of peaches . In Chinese cuisine flowers are also used to produce sweet olive jam . cookies, dumplings, soups, and even liquors.scented osamanto is used in the form of herbal tea to treat "menopatías" (irregular menstruation, menorrhagia, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea and symptoms in the menstrual cycle and menopause syndrome)

an old molecule discovered twenty years ago, which had not found any particular application. The thing seems a bit unreal, almost esoteric. The physical vehicle that leads to solidification of H2O is sensitive to ether acrylate , potassium solidify the liquid element allows white powder . It does instantly. How it solidifies or how water is? As a kind of hard gelatin not wetted. An aggregate microcantillos due to the action of an acrylic polymer , that imprisons the water, prevents it from spreading throughout. For agricultural use during droughts. Imagine that there is a land that was once a forest that was deforested, which is now no more than a poor ground without much productive use, and if it remains so slowly erode, without changing climatic conditions. The silo water is the most advanced system there for irrigation of agricultural crops and forestry. It is the most modern, economical and efficient in terms of rational use of water method, because it can save up to 90 pe...

The powdered dried root of Asparagus racemosus ( Shatavari ) is used in Ayurveda for dyspepsia ( amlapitta or acid regurgitation ) and to increase milk secretion in a lactating woman. A mixture 'Lactare', containing Asparagus racemosus as its major component, has been reported to cause significant rise in  prolactin levels. The alcoholic extract of Asparagus racemosus has been shown to increase the prolactin levels in female rats. Metoclopramide, a dopamine receptor antagonist with a poor penetration of the blood-brain barrier , is used in radiology and in patients with dyspepsia to increase the rate of emptying of the stomach, and also causes increase in milk secretion by increasing prolactin levels. hypothesised that Shatavari may be a mild dopamine antagonist, acting in a way similar to metoclopramide . Shatavari, sometimes wild asparagus Known as, is Primarily a reproductive tonic (both male and female), a demulcent for the digestive system, and a powerful adaptoge...

Maca (Lepidium meyenii) is a root-like vegetable shaped like a turnip that grows at 12,000 feet and is only found in the high Andes of Peru and Ecuador . For more than two millennia, native Peruvians have used maca root as food and medicine, to promote endurance and improve energy , vitality , sexual virility and fertility . It is not known exactly why maca does what it does, but That is the case for MOST herbs. Maca has the Ability to effect key functions of hormones and reproduction without container containing hormones. It has a type of wisdom as to what hormones need balancing and Which to increase / decrease . Use maca Men Who Have Been shown to Have an Increase in libido and healthy sperm.

Mayaro , Semliki Forest, and Chikungunya viruses are closely related serologically and constitute a subgroup within the group A of arborviruses. There is little knowledge available, however, pertaining to the physical characteristics of these viruses. As a consequence, Mayaro virus-infected cells have been studied in order to obtain morphological data for at least one member of the subgroup. The following is a report on the size, shape, and distribution of Mayaro virus, in situ , in three different hosts.  Mayaro virus belongs to the Togaviridae , genus Alphavirus family . It causes acute illness in humans with symptoms similar to Dengue is transmitted by  The life cycle is much like the yellow fever . It has been shown to human transmission through different mosquito species Haemagogus , can also act as vector Aedes aegypti , Aedes albopictus and Aedes scapularis. It is believed that the reservoir is in primates and birds wildlife . Mayaro evil causes high fever and ...

Red ginseng extract is believed to have antioxidant , immunostimulatory and anti-aging properties. This is the first controlled study on humans to explore the effects of red ginseng extract in photoaged skin, or skin damaged by sun exposure. The facial skins of healthy women volunteers aged above 40 years were tested before and after prolonged treatment with a special mixture of red ginseng extract and other herbs. The objective of the study was to measure wrinkles , elasticity , redness and pigmentation of the facial skin, as well as water content in the skin’s outer layer. The results of the test support the beneficial effects of red ginseng, Torilus fructus and Corni fructus on photoaging of the skin. Ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun are capable of causing sunburn, increased pigmentation, reduced immunity, premature skin aging or photoaging, and skin cancers. Photoaging, along with normal aging of the skin, produces wrinkles , roughness and mottled pigmentation of facial ski...

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA; acyl-glycerol-3-phosphate ) is a phospholipid growth factor exerts That diverse biological effects in cellular and organ systems. LPA exhibits multiple physiological activities through the activation of LPA receptors (LPA1-6) Which are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) That act through various downstream signal transduction pathways. LPAs are produced from lysophosphatidylcholine by autotaxin (ATX) (Also known as lysophospholipase D, in the blood

Secukinumab (cubana) is a recombinant, high-affinity, fully human monoclonal antibody immunoglobulin G1κ selectively binds and neutralizes That interleukin-17A. To confirm the findings of basic research and early clinical studies Regarding the crucial role of interleukin-17A in psoriasis, we Conducted two randomized, phase   trials to ASSESS the efficacy and safety of secukinumab, at a dose of 300 mg or 150 mg, administered as induction therapy (with assessment at week 12) and maintenance therapy (with assessment at week 52) in Patients With moderate-to-severe plaque  psoriasis . (Efficacy of Response and Safety of Two Fixed Secukinumab regimens in Psoriasis) study secukinumab Compared With placebo, and the ( Examination of Secukinumab vs. Etanercept Using Two Dosing regimens to Determine Efficacy in Psoriasis) study secukinumab Compared With Placebo and, the tumor necrosis factor first (TNF) inhibitor approved by the for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis

Tau is a microtubule -associated protein That Promotes microtubule assembly and stability. In Alzheimer's disease and related tauopathies, tau aggregates into fibrillizes and neurofibrillary tangles. Recently, Oleocanthal isolated from extra-virgin olive oil was found to display non-steroidal anti-inflammatory like ibuprofen to activity . As our unpublished data inhibitory effect of an Indicates Oleocanthal on amyloid β peptide fibrillization, we reasoned That It Might as well fibrillization inhibit tau. Herein, we Demonstrate That abrogates Oleocanthal fibrillization of tau tau by locking into the naturally unfolded state. PHF6 Using the amino acid Consisting of waste VQIVYK, a hexapeptide Within the third repeat of tau That is essential for fibrillization, we show Oleocanthal That forms an adduct With the lysine. Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), one of the two major hallmark lesions of Alzheimer's disease (AD), are Comprised of tau, a microtubule (MT) associated pr...

It is known as alum to a type of triple sulfate composed sulfate of a trivalent metal, such as aluminum, and other monovalent metal of a. Formerly, alum was administered in numerous ways, as a powerful astringent recommended in a number of diseases. Externally, it is used against fungal growths, ulcers, sore gums, chilblains, etc. These uses have been abandoned, but is still used as an adjuvant in vaccines and as a coagulant in bleeding from internal organs. It contains hypoallergenic properties, so the most sensitive and reactive skin.  Hemostatic and astringent It is, therefore heal the scratches , minor cuts and even irritation of the blade.With it you can treat small sores and mouth sores and other oral health problems

on the whole a genus of tropical and sub-tropical flowering plants. Mentioned Theophrastus the shrub Several times, as in agnos Enquiry into Plants . It has-been long Believed to be an anaphrodisiac but effectiveness remains controversial. Vitex agnus - castus is Widely cultivated in warm temperate and subtropical regions for its delicate-textured aromatic foliage and butterfly attracting spikes of lavender flowers in late summer in cooler climates. It grows to a height of 1-5 meters. It requires full sun or partial shade Along With well-drained soil. Under perfect conditions it is hardy to 10 degrees. It is Believed That some of the compounds found in the plant work on the pituitary gland Which would explain its effects on hormona l levels. A study has shown That extracts of the fruit of VAC can bind to opiate receptors; This Could Explain why you reduce intake of VAC PMS discomforts. The mechanism of action is not fully Understood but it is Assumed that resultanting it has dopam...

Damiana Willd , Commonly Known as Damiana , is employed in traditional medicine as a stimulant, aphrodisiac, and diuretic. Its leaves and stems are used for flavoring and infusion. Damiana is Considered to be safe for medical use by the FDA. Have Pharmacological studies established the hypoglycemic, antiaromatase, prosexual, estrogenic, anti-bacterial, and antioxidant activity of T. diffusa. The aim of the present study was to Evaluate the possible cytotoxic effect of extracts and organic fractions of esta plant on five tumor cell lines (SiHa, C- 33, Hep G2 , MDA-MB-231 , and T-47D ) and regular human fibroblasts. The results show That the methanolic extract (ToM) greater activity on displayed MDA-MB-23 1 breast cancer cells (with an IC50 of 30.67 mg / mL) than on the other cancer cell lines. Four organic fractions of esta extract exhibited activity on This cancer cell line. In the most active fraction (F4), two active compounds Were isolated, arbutin,  and apigenin . This is the...

dandelion   is used in many traditional and modern herbal medical systems, as you have-been documented Particularly in Asia, Europe, and North America. The root Primarily is Considered a gastrointestinal remedy , supporting digestion and liver function, while the leaf is used as a diuretic and bitter digestive stimulant. Among Dandelions are weeds The most recognizable in the world. Traditional use goes back so far as to predate written records. The leaf of Chinese dandelion (T mongolicum) was first Mentioned in writing in the Tang Materia Medica (659 AD) and is classically Considered a valuable remedy in Chinese medicine, Both topically and internally, for treating abscesses, reducing eye inflammation, and provoking diuresis . Dandelion leaf and root Both Have Been Studied for Their effects on digestion, mostly as bitter digestive stimulants. dandelion root has-been Investigated for demulcent, prebiotic, hypoglycemic, and immune-modulating effects. Dandelio...

The taspine is a secotetrahidroiso alkaloid isolated from plants quinolinic Leontice eversmannii, (Leonticaceae) Caulophyllum robustum , liliflora Magnolia bark and Croton lechleri. As for its chemical composition, in the cortex (latex) are scientists have  found: steroids, coumarins , alkaloids ( taspine) , flavonoids , tannins (54%), saponins (low concentration), anthocyanins , phenolic compounds (gallic acid) ; also it contains vitamin A, E and C, starch, cellulose, fats, lignans ( mucilages , proteins, catechins (epicatechin, gallocatequina , epigallocatechin ), etc. All this means that there are two species used in traditional medicine are the Croton lechleri Muell . Arg and Croton draconoides var . Cordatus Muell . Arg .  They have very similar chemical and therapeutic properties. It has anti-inflammatory activity. The candidate taspine is as estrogen receptor antagonist in the treatment of breast cancer estrogen independent

Neuronal plasticity , also called neuroplasticity, neural plasticity and synaptic plasticity is the property that emerges from the nature and function of neurons when they establish communication and modulates the perception of environmental stimuli, both those entering and those who out. Or neuroplasticity neuronal plasticity is the ability of the brain to form new neural connections throughout life in response to new information, to sensory stimulation, development, dysfunction or damage . Neuroplasticity is known as the "renewal of brain wiring ".

Cytokines are a group of proteins that regulate interactions of immune cells. His immunoregulatory function is key in immune response, inflammation.Cytokines are a group of small molecular weight proteins synthesized by many cells particularly immune cells.ts function is immunoregulatory be fundamental in communication and interactions that establish the immune system cells with each other and with other cells . Cytokines direct the innate immune response and specific immune response and are involved in inflammation and hematopoiesis. activated macrophages , eosinophils , neutrophils and NK cells , induce the production of reactive oxygen species and nitrogen and macrophages involved in hematopoietic processes. Involved in such important processes as inflammation, regulation of MHC expression (Major Histocompatibility Complex) class I and class II immunosuppressive responses, regulation of isotype switching of immunoglobulins ,

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has become a growing problem in the medical, psychiatric, neurological, epidemiological, social and economic order, particularly in countries with a high life expectancy Alzheimer's dementia can be classified according to the age of onset in presenile or early onset, which appears before age 65 and senile or late onset, ie onset after age 65. It according to the presence or absence of a family history of the disease is classified into familial AD and sporadic AD, respectively. However, these classifications are not mutually exclusive. The development achieved by genetic has demonstrated the involvement of several chromosomes in the development of the disease. Chromosomes 1, 14 and 21 are associated with familial forms of start precoz. While late onset forms appear linked to chromosomes 12 and 19 In this paper we delved into the study of chromosome 21 and the amyloid beta protein , because there are many findings that relate to deposit excess am...

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) , also known as delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, is the main psychoactive constituent of cannabis. What first they isolated in 1964 Raphael Mechoulam and Yechiel Gaoni, when pure, is a glassy solid at low temperatures, and becomes viscous and sticky when heated. THC is poorly soluble in water, but dissolves readily in most organic solvents, specifically lipids and alcohols . As most pharmacologically active secondary metabolites of plants, it is believed that THC cannabis is involved in the defense mechanism of the plant, perhaps against herbivores,  but now still unknown. THC also possesses high absorption properties UV-B (280-315 nm) ; it has been speculated that it could protect the plant from harmful UV radiation exposure. Its pharmacological effects are the result of its relationship with cannabinol specific receptors located in the brain and throughout the body. The pharmacological actions of THC partially result from their agonist activity at ...

It is an area of the cortex that is buried within the lateral sulcus and forms its floor. only it can be examined when surdo lateral lips are widely separated. Histologically, the back is granulosa previous agranulosa, which resembles cortical areas known adyacentes.your connections incompletely. associated with visceral functions Es un área de la corteza que está enterrada dentro del surco lateral y forma su piso. sólo puede ser examinada cuando se separan ampliamente los labios del surdo lateral. Histológicamente , la parte posterior es granulosa y la anterior agranulosa, lo cual asemeja a las áreas corticales adyacentes.Sus conexiones se conocen en forma incompleta.Se asocia a funciones viscelrales

Affron  Crocus sativus flower] is an extravagant, sweet-smelling spice used in Indian Commonly, Turkish, and Persian cuisine and is closely related to turmeric. Its use in traditional health Approaches have spanned Thousands of years, and modern research to back up ITS Seems commonly-Reported benefits. Like any spice, saffron May be a tremendous force Against swelling and irritation internal in the body. For years, research has linked esta network Past grass-like spice mood With health, showing It could be a powerful tool Against varying forms of depression. While it May not be a one-size-fits-all approach, saffron supplementation May be helpful for some people in regulating mood and mental health. Suggest the spice clinical trials could improve the symptoms of depression. The exact Mechanisms behind saffron Which exhibits beneficial effects Against mood-related disorders Largely unknown is; however, it's hypothesized That It May be due to antioxidant content ITS. Also saffron Ma...

holy basil (Ocimum sanctum) is an herb that's Been grown in India for 5,000 years. It's a mainstay of the ancient Ayurvedic healing tradition and is one of India's Most sacred plants. Also it goes by the name tulsi Which means "the unique one. in Ayurvedic medicine, holy basil is Considered an "elixir of life" that Promotes longevity and is used to treat a wide variety of ailments. It was used by the ancient Also Greeks and Romans. There is an uncommonly long list of traditional use for esta healing herb. It's been used to alleviate arthritis, asthma, bronchitis, coughs, colds, sore throats, digestive complaints, earaches, headaches, fever, influenza, and skin problems. It has-been used as a remedy for common childhood complaints and illnesses Such as coughs, colds, fever, diarrhea, vomiting, and chicken pox. It has even used to treat Been scorpion and snake bites. By examining the single components of holy basil, scientists are now beginning to Underst...

Flavonoids comprise a group of polyphenolic compounds widely distributed in fruits and vegetables, as well as in black tea, coffee, cocoa, beer and wine rojo.1-3 may occur from simple phenolic compounds molecules to very polymerised higher than 30,000 Da molecular weight. There is a consensus that the antioxidant activity of flavonoids results from a combination of its iron chelating and sequestering properties of free radicals (RL). Other authors also refer to inhibition of oxidases such as lipoxygenase (LO), cyclooxygenase (CO), myeloperoxidase (MPO), NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase (XO); preventing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vivo, as well as organic hydroperoxides. ROS react with biomolecules leading to cellular and tissue damage. Fortunately, the body has effective mechanisms to protect themselves from the harmful effects of these chemical species. These mechanisms consist of enzymes and nonenzymatic compounds such as glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid, a...

The fatty acids are important components of the diet of the higher animals and man. Are not only significant energy contribution almost double the contribution of carbohydrates and proteins, and several have specific metabolic functions. The structure of the double bonds (unsaturated) of natural fatty acids follows a pattern very characteristic and preserved. In a diunsaturated fatty acid, both double bonds will always separated by an intermediate carbon not involved in the structure of unsaturation. Linoleic acid is a very abundant in the plant kingdom and the animal essential fatty acid omega-6 . The vast majority of vegetable oils (with some exceptions such as olive oil, palm oil or coconut oil) provide significant amounts of linoleic acid. is in a very small proportion in grains and forage constituting the feeding of ruminants, these animals means that transform linoleic acid in any of the isomers of CLA . Is powerful reducing environment in the rumen biohydrogenation process...

Substance P is the first neuroactive substance that is proposed as a neurotransmitter. As for the pharmacological properties of substance P, they were demonstrated to check exhibiting potent hypotensive properties that were not blocked by atropine. He was later identified as the first active neuropeptide and was proposed as a neurotransmitter. In the 70s the structure is now known to contain eleven amino acids, of which six corresponding to the C-terminus are essential for its biological activity was determined. Substance P (SP) is a neuropeptide of eleven amino acids, are much smaller than other neurotransmitters amounts, is synthesized in the cell body and transported along the axon to the terminals, it is synthesized as part of a prepropeptide ( preproteins or precursors) of higher molecular weight which then moves to the cisterns of the endoplasmic reticulum, where it is disintegrated to produce a proprotein. The proprotein is transported to the Golgi apparatus, where they may fac...

Ibogaine is a hallucinogenic indole with putative efficacy for the treatment of cocaine , stimulant and opiate abuse. The purported efficacy of ibogaine following single dose administrations has led to the suggestion that a long-acting metabolite of ibogaine may explain in part how the drug reduces craving for psychostimulants and opiates. We report here that 12-hydroxyibogamine, a primary metabolite of ibogaine , displays high affinity for the 5-HT transporter and elevates extracellular 5-HT. In radioligand binding assays, 12-hydroxyibogamine was 50-fold more potent at displacing radioligand binding at the 5-HT transporter than at the DA transporter. Ibogaine and 12-hydroxyibogamine were equipotent at the dopamine transporter.   In vivo  microdialysis was used to evaluate the acute actions of ibogaine and 12-hydroxyibogamine on the levels of DA and 5-HT. Administration of 12-hydroxyibogamine produced a marked dose-related elevation of extracellular 5-HT. Ibogaine and 12-...

Autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) are obtained by centrifuging the blood from the same patient. It is defined as the content in platelet-shaped supernatant after centrifugation of anticoagulated blood (Dugrillon et al 2002). Platelets play a very important role in the APCs, as they are the main source of mitogenic activity in blood plasma and function as vehicle carrying growth factors (GFs), mainly transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) insulin growth factor (IGF), growth factor platelet derived (PDGF) and other proteins that modulate inflammation and scarring (Carmona and Prades 2009). Autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) are obtained by centrifuging the blood from the same patient. It is defined as the content in platelet-shaped supernatant after centrifugation of anticoagulated blood (Dugrillon et al 2002). Platelets play a very important role in the APCs, as they are the main source of mitogenic activity in blood plasma and function as vehicle carrying growth factors (GFs...

Ayahuasca is a hallucinogenic beverage derived by boiling the bark of the liana Banisteriopsis caapi Malpighiaceous Together with the leaves of various plants admixture, viz. Psychotria viridis Psychotria carthagenensis, or Diplopterys cabrerana. B. caapi contains harmine, harmaline, and tetrahydroharmine while the admixtures Contain N, N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT). DMT, a potent hallucinogen, is inactive due to degradation by orally visceral monoamine oxidase (MAO). The β-carbolines, however, are highly active reversible inhibitors of MAO and May Protect the DMT from deamination by MAO and render it orally active. This mechanism has-been Proposed to underlie the oral activity of ayahuasca but have not Been confirmed experimentally . Levels of DMT and beta-carbolines found in ayahuasca samples examined in this study were an order of magnitude higher than the levels reported in a previous study. Ayahuasca found an extremely effective inhibitor of MAO in vitro and degree of inhibition was...

Zika, which was discovered incidentally in Uganda in 1947 in the course of mosquito and primate surveillance,  had until now remained an obscure virus confined to a narrow equatorial belt running across Africa and into Asia. . The virus circulated predominantly in wild primates and arboreal mosquitoes such as  Aedes africanus  and rarely caused recognized “spillover” infections in humans, even in highly enzootic areas.  Its current explosive pandemic reemergence is therefore truly remarkable.  Decades ago, African researchers noted that aedes-transmitted Zika epizootics inexplicably tended to follow aedes-transmitted chikungunya epizootics and epidemics. An analogous pattern began in 2013, when chikungunya spread pandemically from west to east, and Zika later followed. With the exception of West Nile virus, which is predominantly spread by culex-species mosquitoes, the arboviruses that recently reached the Western Hemisphere have been transmitted by aedes mosq...

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and molecular hybridization were used for detecting and typing human papillomavirus (HPV) in 40 patients with clinical lesions as a control group and in 20 healthy subjects, biopsies on clinically normal oral mucosa. Amplification of HPV DNA was performed using specific oligonucleotide primers: MY09 and MY11 and for typing hybridization was used in plates comprising a mixture of probes of high, intermediate and low oncogenic risk, such as types 2, 4, 6, 11, 13, 16, 18 and 32. The results demonstrated the presence of HPV viral genome in 55 percent (22/40) of benign lesions of the mouth and 10 percent (2/20) in the control group. In oral benign lesions that were positive by PCR, we observed 90.9 percent (20/22) of the type HPV low risk and 9.1 percent (2/22) of HPV and low oncogenic risk lato. In the control group it was detected 5 percent (1/20) of low-risk HPV and 5 percent (1/20) of HPV high and low oncogenic risk.

Until recently it was thought that neurons could not regenerate and that our brain was sentenced to a progressive and inexorable decline. However, with the discovery of neurogenesis everything has changed, neuroscientists now focus on discovering what can promote neuronal regeneration. In this regard, a group of German researchers at the Research Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden have discovered that silence has a huge impact on the brain. These scientists found that in the brains of mice remained silent for two hours every day growing new cells in the hippocampus, the brain region involved in memory, emotion and learning. In addition, they found that these new cells were able to differentiate and integrate into the central nervous system to fulfill different functions. Therefore, reserve a few minutes a day to be in complete silence could be very beneficial for our brain, helping to preserve the memory and to be more flexible to changes. Silence allows the brain gives meani...

The relationship between stupidity and vanity described as the Dunning-Kruger effect, whereby people with little intellectual and cultural level systematically tend to think they know more than what they know and to be considered more intelligent than they are. The phenomenon was rigorously studied by Justin Krugger and David Dunning, psychologists at Cornell University in New York, and published in 1999 in "The Journal of Personality and Social Psychology" It is based on the following principles: 1. Incompetent individuals tend to overestimate their own abilities. 2nd. Incompetent individuals fail to recognize the true abilities in others. The advance of Krugger and Dunning was simply prove in an experiment consisting of measuring the intellectual and social skills of a number of students and ask a self-assessment later. The results were surprising and revealing: the brightest felt they were below average; mediocre considered above average, and the less gifted and mo...

Anthocyanins are a group of pigments red, water-soluble, colored widely distributed in the plant kingdom. chemically Anthocyanins are glycosides of anthocyanidins, is you say, are constituted by a molecule of anthocyanidin, which is the aglycone, which is joined a sugar by a glycosidic bond β-. The basic chemical structure of these aglycones is ion flavylium. also called 2-fenilbenzopirilio , Consisting of two groups aromatic: one benzopyrilium and a phenolic ring; he flavylium normally functions as a cation. The free aglycones rarely exist in food, except possibly as components trace degradation reactions. They represent the major anthocyanins soluble pigments visible to the human eye water. They belong to the group of flavonoids and structure Basic is a flavone core, which consists of two aromatic rings linked by a unity of three carbons He sugar present in the molecule gives them great solubility and stability, generally joins the anthocyanidin at the 3 pos...

La  quercetina  ( f òrmula molecular:  C 15 H 10 O 7 ) es un flavonol que se encuentra presente generalmente como O - glicósidos y raramente como C - glicósidos en altas concentraciones tanto en  f rutas como en  v erduras en especial en la  c ebollas. Muchas plantas, ya sean consideradas medicinales o no, deben gran parte de sus beneficios a los altos niveles de quercetina que presentan. Por ejemplo, algunas clases de cebolla (como la roja) contienen tanta quercetina que el compuesto representa el 10% de su peso seco. . Un estudio realizado  in vitro  mostró que la quercetina y el  r evesratrolcombinados inhiben la producción de cèlulas adiposas. Quercetin (molecular formula: C15H10O7) is a flavonol that is present generally as O - glycosides and rarely as C - glycosides in high concentrations in fruit and both vegetables particularly in onions. Many plants, whether or not considered medicinal, owe much of their profits to h...

a finales del siglo xix, los microscopistas comenzaron a notar dentro de los nùcleos de las cèlulas en interfase, se veìa una cromatina difusa y otra condensada en diferentes tamaños. A inicios del siglo xx, un citòlogo alemàn EMEL HEITZ, estudio los cromosomas y encontrò  que en las cèlulas habìan dos tipos de cromatina: la Heterocromatina y la Eucromatina la eutromatina : estaba siempre difusa en interfase y se condensaba en divisiòn cèluar,  la heterocromatina  està siempre consensada. en el año 1949, el doctor Murray Barr, investigador en neurocitologia y su alumno el dr. bertram haciendo estudios con neuronas de gatos, observaron que en algunas cèlulas aparecia uma masa de cromatina adherida a la superficie interna del nucleo y en otras no se observaba. En ese mismo año publicò un trabajo en donde relacionaba la cromatina con el sexo. se hicieron estudios en varios mamiferos, encontràndose el mismo hallazgo;  todos los animales hembras la poseian y ningun...